Which limitation could affect generalization in the study?

• A. The recording environment was uncontrolled
• B. The sample size was too large
• C. The study used too many variables
• D. Only women were studied

Answer: (D)

Generalizability depends on how well the study participants represent the broader population. Studying only women means the results may not apply to men or other gender identities, so the findings can’t be confidently generalized to everyone. The other factors mainly affect data quality or interpretation rather than external applicability: an uncontrolled recording environment can introduce noise and bias, a very large sample size isn’t itself a limitation to generalization, and having many variables can complicate conclusions but doesn’t automatically prevent applying results beyond the studied group.